Strategic decoupling and circadian niche mapping : A multi-scale GIS approach to mitigating anthropogenic impacts in high-endemism ecosystems—a contribution to mapping the ecological developments of the Ambatolahidimy ECOTOURISM SITE

The sustainable management of protected areas, particularly in high-biodiversity forest biomes, necessitates an integrated approach that harmonizes ecosystem preservation with ecotourism development. This study focuses on the Ambatolahidimy site within the Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar, a region characterized by significant endemism and increasing anthropogenic pressure. The primary objective was to deploy a transdisciplinary ecological planning framework supported by high-resolution cartographic intelligence to optimize the protection of sensitive habitats while facilitating sustainable human use. The methodology utilized a tripartite workflow involving preliminary site reconnaissance, field-based geodetic data acquisition (GNSS/GPS), and advanced spatial analysis through QGIS and Google Earth Pro. Results from the taxonomic inventory identified a diverse faunal assemblage, including flagship species such as the Golden Bamboo Lemur (Hapalemur aureus) and the Brown Mouse Lemur (Microcebus rufus). Geospatial analysis of circadian rhythms revealed a heterogeneous distribution of diurnal and nocturnal taxa, identifying critical biodiversity hotspots within the core forest matrix. Based on these findings, a strategic development plan was designed, featuring low-impact bioclimatic infrastructure—including eco-friendly chalets and inclusive pedestrian networks—positioned to mitigate habitat fragmentation. A "strategic decoupling" approach was employed to concentrate high-impact facilities near the national road (RN25), thereby preserving the interior as a sanctuary. This research demonstrates that precise mapping is a prescriptive tool for evidence-based decision-making. Ultimately, the study provides a scalable model for reconciling biodiversity conservation with the socio-economic imperatives of sustainable ecotourism in tropical rainforest environments. Key words: Geospatial analysis, ecological planning, sustainable ecotourism, biodiversity conservation, Ambatolahidimy