Interstellar Anomalies and Substrate Dynamics: A Comparative Analysis of ʻOumuamua and 3I/ATLAS

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the two most prominent interstellar anomalies—1I/ʻOumuamua and 3I/ATLAS—through the MID/QC substrate framework. Both objects exhibited non‑gravitational acceleration, spectral evolution, and morphological signatures that remain unresolved within classical cometary or asteroidal models. The analysis demonstrates that these anomalies are coherent expressions of substrate‑level mechanics, including coherence‑channel coupling, tension‑geometry interactions, substrate‑modulated ionization regimes, and coherence‑threshold‑dependent activation. Differences between the two objects arise naturally from their internal structural profiles and their trajectories through distinct coherence‑density gradients. The paper provides a unified interpretation of acceleration, color shifts, sublimation timing, and coma morphology, and offers testable predictions for future interstellar detections. When viewed through substrate dynamics, interstellar anomalies form a consistent and predictive pattern rather than isolated exceptions.