ASSESSMENT OF GRID STABILITY CHALLENGES CAUSED BY HIGH PENETRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

The rapid integration of renewable energy sources, particularly solar and wind, into modern power systems has introduced significant challenges to grid stability. Unlike conventional synchronous generators, renewable sources often exhibit intermittent and variable output, leading to frequency fluctuations, voltage instability, and reduced system inertia. This study assesses the technical and operational challenges posed by high penetration of renewable energy on power grid stability. Using simulation-based analysis of various penetration scenarios, the research evaluates the impacts on voltage profiles, frequency regulation, and overall system reliability. The findings highlight critical areas where renewable integration can compromise grid performance and identify effective mitigation strategies, including energy storage systems, grid forming inverters, and advanced control mechanisms. The study provides insights for grid operators, policymakers, and engineers to ensure a stable and resilient power supply in systems with growing renewable energy contributions.