PANTASMA SPECTRON. Reanalysis of the anomalies and interpretation of the crater's hybrid structures

The Pantasma structure in northern Nicaragua is widely classified as an impact crater; however,detailed analysis of geological, geophysical, and tectonic data reveals numerous anomalies that donot conform to the classical model of a complex impact structure. The absence of a central uplift, ashallow deformation zone (1–2 km), magnetic asymmetry, discontinuous melt occurrences, and thestrong influence of NW–SE and NE–SW lineaments all suggest a more complex origin. This studypresents a hybrid model in which a shock-related event interacted with a heterogeneous basementcomposed of a granitoid batholith and active fault zones, producing a structure that exhibits bothimpact-related and tectonic characteristics. The results indicate that an interpretation based solelyon an impact model is insufficient, and that Pantasma should be considered a structure formedthrough the interaction of multiple geological processes.