Review Study on Determination of Caffeine Beverages

Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive substances and is commonly present in beverages such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, and energy drinks. The increasing consumption of caffeinated beverages has raised concerns regarding excessive caffeine intake and its potential adverse effects on human health, including nervousness, insomnia, cardiovascular disturbances, and gastrointestinal disorders. Therefore, accurate determination of caffeine content in beverages is essential to ensure consumer safety and regulatory compliance. Various analytical techniques are employed for the quantitative estimation of caffeine, including ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry. Among these, chromatographic methods are preferred due to their high sensitivity, specificity, and reliability. Regulatory authorities mandate regular monitoring of caffeine levels in commercial beverages to ensure they remain within permissible limits. This study emphasizes the importance of analytical determination of caffeine in beverages for quality control, public health protection, and compliance with food safety regulations.