Vision Language Models and Document Understanding
Abstract
This research paper presents an evaluation framework for analyzing document understanding in Vision–Language Models using PDF documents. The proposed framework accepts a document in PDF format, preserves the semantic content, and systematically alters visual layout and formatting attributes such as text alignment, spacing, font styles, and structural organization. Vision–Language Models process these documents and generate responses for tasks including content comprehension, information extraction, and question answering. The framework integrates layout variation, content consistency, and response analysis to evaluate robustness and sensitivity across different document representations. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that model performance varies significantly with layout changes despite identical underlying content, indicating a dependence on visual structure in addition to semantic information
Fields of Study & Subjects
Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques
Topic Modeling
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 28 January 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint