Highway Development and Management Initiative (HDMI) Policy: Challenges and Control Measures

The Highway Development and Management Initiative (HDMI) policy is a strategic framework introduced to promote efficient planning, development, and management of national highway infrastructure through public–private partnerships (PPP). The policy aims to reduce government expenditure, ensure sustainable road maintenance, and improve transport service quality. Despite its benefits, the HDMI policy faces major challenges, including financial constraints, weak institutional frameworks, inadequate stakeholder engagement, and poor environmental compliance. This paper examines the key challenges of the HDMI policy and provides practical control measures for effective implementation and sustainability.