The effect of grape seed extract supplementation on gingivitis and glycaemic control in diabetic patients

ABSTRACT AIM: To investigate the effect of grape seed extract oral supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy on gingival health and glycaemic control in diabetic patients. Materials & Methods: A total of 30 participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the intervention group receiving grape seed extract (500mg/day) and the control group receiving a placebo. Randomization was achieved by the clinician using a flip coin method. Clinical periodontal assessments were conducted both before and after the 90 days intervention period, encompassing parameters such as Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI). Additionally, glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were monitored to assess changes in glycaemic control, with measurements taken at baseline and post-intervention. Results: intra-group comparison of HbA1c levels at different time intervals (baseline and 90th day) for both the test and control groups. It indicates a slight decrease in HbA1c levels on the 90th day compared to baseline for both groups, with high statistical significance observed for the test group (p