Proteomics: A Tool For Discovering Protein Biomarkers In Animals

The term “proteome” denotes the set of proteins expressed by the genetic material of an organism under defined environmental conditions (Conrad et al., 2008). It can also be defined as the total complement of proteins expressed in a cell at any given point in time and under a given set of growth conditions. In 1994, Marc Wilkins introduced the term "proteome" to the scientific community. The term proteomics refers to the large-scale study of the proteome, including its structures and functions (James, 1997). The set of proteins varies with the specific requirements of the cell or organism. Proteomics confirms the presence/ absence of a particular protein as well as measures its quantity. Proteomic studies have emerged as a field of research in the last two decades, and with the advent of technologies in this field, it has developed rapidly.