Beyond the Bohr–Einstein Debate: An Epistemological Reading in Terms of Extended Descriptive Frameworks

The historical debate between Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein is often presented as anirreducible metaphysical opposition between contextualism and realism. We argue that itshould instead be understood as a conflict between implicit ontological frameworks, eachrationally defensible within the descriptive space available at the time. The central thesisdefended here is independent of any specific physical theory: the Bohr–Einstein tension isnot principled, but structural. Extended descriptive frameworks are introduced solely inan illustrative capacity, to show that a conceptual resolution is logically possible withoutcontradicting the established results of quantum mechanics.