Evaluation Of Diuretic Potency And Anti-Urolithiatic Efficacy of Ethanolic Root Extract of Solanum Indicum Linn.; An In Vivo And In Vitro Approach

The present study examined the effects of Solanum indicum Linn. root on diuretic in experimental rats and in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity. By using ethanol as the solvent, the plant extract was prepared from the shade-dried root. The extract was then subjected to a preliminary phytochemical analysis. The preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, and sterols in the ethanolic root extract of Solanum indicum Linn. Acute toxicity study as per OECD guideline 423 was performed and ethanolic root extract was nontoxic up to dose 2000 mg/kg body weight. The diuretic activity was evaluated by Lipschitz method at two different doses of ethanolic root extract (200 and 400mg/kg). Parameters like urine volume, diuretic index, Lipschitz value and urine electrolyte concentration of sodium, potassium and chloride was evaluated. In accordance with Lipschitz values, the plant had 63% and 87% diuretic efficacy when compared to furosemide at the low dose and high dose of crude extract respectively. The present study clearly indicated that the ethanolic root extract of Solanum indicum Linn. showed higher calcium oxalate crystallization inhibition (56.6 %) for the titrimetric method.