Gliophorus parafumosus D. J. Lodge, S. D. Russell & G. W. Griff. 2026, sp. nov.

Gliophorus parafumosus D. J. Lodge, S. D. Russell & G. W. Griff. sp. nov. Fig. 8 Etymology. Parafumosus; para = close by and fumosus = smoke, referring to its phylogenetic proximity, as well as its similarity in both morphology and distribution to G. fumosus. Holotypus. USA • Wisconsin, Bayfield, Big Bay State Park, 46.7976, -90.6697, 8 Sep 2017, S. Wunderle, (voucher F: C 0348314 F [NAMA 2017-248] [F = Field Museum of Natural History biorepository]) (GenBank ITS: MH 979262). UNITE / PlutoF: SH 0910870.10 FU (1.5 % threshold). Diagnosis. Basidiomata similar macro- and microscopically to Gliophorus fumosus and having the same geographic range, but differing in ITS sequence and by having a darker pileus umbo (Burnt Umber to Fuscous vs. Warm Sepia to Dark Drab) and an inrolled rather than straight pileus margin. Description. Pileus 12–35 mm diam., parabolic when young, becoming broadly parabolic with age, margin inrolled and slightly sulcate when young and less so with age, surface strongly viscid, colour Burnt Umber in centre when young, Fuscous with age, Drab on margin when young and overall with age. Stipe 25–75 × 3–8 mm, broader in lower 1 / 3, some compressed, hollow, surface strongly viscid, Smoke Grey (2.5 Y 6.0 / 2.4 to 5.0 Y 7.0 / 2.0) or tinted drab grey. Lamellae White or pale Cream Colour, sinuate or adnate with a decurrent tooth, 4–8 mm broad, margin wavy, one length of lamellulae inserted. Taste and odour indistinct. Basidiospores ovoid, hyaline, (5.2 –) 5.6–6.4 (– 8) × 4–5.2 µm, mean 6.4 + / - 0.76 × 4.6 + / - 0.39 µm, with or without guttulate contents, inamyloid. Basidia 4 - sterigmate, 28–37 × 4.8–8 µm, with a small basal clamp. Subhymenium 10–12 µm deep, of interwoven hyphae 2.4–4.8 µm wide. Lamellar context subregular, comprised of swollen elements 30–80 × 8.8–18.5 µm rarely with small clamp connections; lamellar edge not gelatinised. Cystidia absent on lamellae. Pileus context of swollen hyphae 80–120 × 8–20 µm, with pale brown contents in potassium hydroxide (KOH) and small, rare clamp connections. Pileipellis an ixocutis, hyphae embedded in gelatinous matrix 1.2–2.4 µm, rarely with small clamps. Stipe context hyphae parallel, 5.6–16 µm diam. with pale brown contents, slightly constricted at septa, lacking clamp connections. Stipitipellis and ixotrichoderm, hyphae embedded in gelatinous matrix 1.2–3 µm diam. with few small clamps. Habitat and distribution. Hitherto recorded only in North America. Growing in moss in moist, mixed deciduous forests of eastern North America (Fig. 5 C). Other specimens examined. USA • (1) North Carolina, Swaine County, Great Smoky Mountain National Park, Mingas Mill, near Graveyard, (35.5219404, -83.3096265) 360 m a. s. l., 15 Aug. 2005, D. J. Lodge, NC-91, (ITS: PX 093718). Additional environmental sequence. Canada • Halifax, UNITE soil sample TUE 002679, UDB 03115324, 8 Nov 2019 (Tedersoo et al. 2014). Notes. Differs from G. fumosus in having a pileus margin that is distinctly inrolled and sulcate-striate, in contrast to G. fumosus (and G. irrigatus) has / have a straight or rarely slightly in-rolled gluten on the margin and is either not striate or only translucent-striate – not sulcate. Mean basidiospore length of G. parafumosus is slightly smaller than in G. fumosus (6.4 vs. 6.7 µm). Based on numbers of sequence-confirmed vouchers, G. parafumosus appears to be less common that G. fumosus. The microscopic observations were from the type collection deposited at F. The collection NC-91 was not annotated because it was immature and the remaining piece was not deposited at TENN after removing part for sequencing. We suggest False Smoky Waxcap as the common English name for this new species.