Engineered Solid-State Sorbent Materials (ES³M): A General Class of Structured Sorbents for Gas Capture Beyond Reticular Frameworks

This article introduces Engineered Solid-State Sorbent Materials (ES³M) as a general, non-reticular class of materials designed for gas capture through structured solid architectures rather than crystalline frameworks, bulk liquids, or membranes. ES³M systems are defined by their reliance on engineered confinement, geometry, and material organization to control sorption, transport, and regeneration behaviors under real-world operating conditions. The class encompasses both physical and chemical sorption mechanisms while remaining fully solid-state throughout operation. This work formalizes ES³M as a distinct material category, clarifies its boundaries relative to existing approaches (e.g. MOFs, COFs, liquid absorbents), and establishes a high-level taxonomy without disclosing implementation-specific intellectual property.