RECENT ADVANCES IN HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUGS: A REVIEW

Hypertension remains one of the leading global cardiovascular disorders, requiring long-term pharmacotherapy using diverse classes of anti-hypertensive drugs such as ACE inhibitors, ARBs, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, and vasodilators. The increasing demand for high-quality pharmaceutical products, the rise of fixed-dose combinations (FDCs), and the need for stability-indicating assays have intensified the development of highly selective, robust, and validated HPLC analytical methods. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in HPLC technologies, including the introduction of core–shell columns, monolithic supports, UHPLC, AQbD-driven method development, and green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest developments in HPLC method design, optimization, and validation for the quantitative estimation of antihypertensive drugs in bulk and dosage forms. Detailed tables summarize chromatographic conditions, mobile phases, validation parameters, and system suitability criteria from numerous published works. The review also discusses emerging challenges, method greening, risk assessment, regulatory requirements, and future perspectives.