Air Quality in Rural Settings and Chemical Exposure in Healthcare Facilities:A Comparative Environmental Health Analysis

ABSTRACT This study explores the pharmacognostic and analytical profiles of Calotropis procera and Zanthoxylum decaryi, focusing on the synergistic role of their mineral and organic constituents in managing diabetes mellitus. Utilizing Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, we characterized the elemental distribution and functional group landscapes of both species. Results reveal a significant macro-elemental density in C. procera, notably dominated by Potassium (6.77%) and Magnesium (1.76%), facilitating energy metabolism and cellular signaling. In contrast, Z. decaryi demonstrates a superior catalytic trace element profile, with a high concentration of Magnesium (2.22%) and the exclusive presence of Manganese (0.04%) and Selenium (0.01%), alongside Chromium (0.07%). These values correlate directly with enhanced insulin sensitivity and robust antioxidant defense mechanisms. FT-IR spectra indicate an intricate organometallic synergy between these minerals and bioactive secondary metabolites, such as triterpenoids and alkaloids. Mechanistically, these assemblies are implicated in the modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and the promotion of GLUT4 translocation, while shielding pancreatic b-cells via enzymatic redox regulation. This research provides a rigorous scientific foundation for the combined traditional use of these plants and advocates for the integration of mineral profiling into the standardization protocols for metabolic botanical therapies. Keywords : TXRF; insulinomimetic minerals; organometallic synergy; oxidative stress modulation; pharmacognostic.