RISK FACTORS AND PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS FOR IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN NEWLY EMERGED AND ACUTELY DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE

Resume. Newly emerged heart failure, also known as de novo heart failure, and acutely decompensated heart failure represent critical clinical syndromes associated with high in-hospital mortality rates. This review synthesizes evidence from multiple studies to identify key risk factors and prognostic indicators influencing in-hospital outcomes. De novo heart failure often presents with fewer comorbidities but higher complication rates, leading to elevated mortality compared to acutely decompensated heart failure in some cohorts. Independent predictors include elevated serum creatinine, anemia, hemodynamic instability, need for ventilatory or inotropic support, and specific precipitating factors such as infections or renal dysfunction. Analysis of over 10,000 patients across studies reveals in-hospital mortality ranging from 5% to 17%, with de novo cases showing adjusted odds ratios up to 1.87 for death. Understanding these factors can guide targeted interventions to improve survival. Keywords: De novo heart failure, acutely decompensated heart failure, in-hospital mortality, risk factors, prognostic indicators, serum creatinine, hemodynamic profile, ventilatory support, infections