Enhancing Reading Comprehension in ESP: The Role of Concept Mapping and Collaborative Learning

Reading comprehension remains a critical challenge for English for Specific Purposes (ESP) students, particularly in academic and professional settings requiring specialized vocabulary and complex textual structures. This study investigates the effectiveness of concept mapping, collaborative learning, and digital integration in enhancing reading comprehension among ESP students. Employing a classroom action research design, data were collected through pre- and post-tests, student engagement observations, and qualitative feedback. Results indicate that concept mapping significantly improves information retention and metacognitive awareness, while collaborative learning fosters deeper engagement and peer interaction. Additionally, digital tools enhance accessibility and interactive learning experiences, further supporting comprehension. The findings underscore the importance of structured learning strategies in ESP education, providing valuable insights for curriculum designers and educators. Future research should explore the longitudinal effects of these strategies and their applicability across different ESP disciplines