Impossible Early Galaxy
Abstract
We present the Centrifugal Shatter model, a GRMHD-grounded framework that resolves the "impossible early galaxy" problem identified by JWST. This model proposes that early supermassive black holes (SMBHs) function as self-regulating engines in Magnetically Arrested Disk (MAD) states. By extracting rotational energy via the Blandford-Znajek process, these engines power in-situ disk nucleosynthesis and high-velocity outflows. This process produces metal-rich (Z \sim 0.2 Z_{\odot}), morphologically mature galaxies at z > 10–14 within timescales of only 10^7 years, effectively resolving \LambdaCDM formation tensions. Non-Technical Summary: The "Centrifugal Shatter" theory suggests that the first galaxies were not built slowly over billions of years, but were "shattered" into existence by high-energy black hole engines. In this model, the area around a spinning black hole acts like a "Grinder," cooking raw primordial gas into heavy metals (like oxygen and nitrogen) without needing stars. When the magnetic pressure reaches a breaking point, the black hole "shatters" the surrounding disk, spraying these metals outward at 20% the speed of light to form a mature, disk-shaped galaxy almost instantly. Key Predictions: This work is falsifiable and provides specific targets for future observations, including: A spin-mass anticorrelation (a \propto -M_{BH}). Radio synchrotron excesses (1–10 GHz) in early galaxies. High-velocity disk-edge outflows detectable via proper motions with JWST.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Galaxies: Formation
Evolution
Phenomena
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 31 January 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint