Analysis of Law Enforcement Obstacles of Indonesian Occupational Safety and Health Law No. 1 Of 1970 and Comparison of Amendments to Malaysian Occupational Safety and Health Law 2022

Law enforcement is the enforcement of laws by authorities in society to ensure that they are implemented and obeyed by every citizen. The purpose of law enforcement is to maintain security, order, and stability in society, in addition to ensuring that every individual has equal rights and feels safe. The increase in workplace accidents and the lack of accountability indicate that the objectives of OSH law enforcement are not yet being achieved. Law enforcement is influenced by five factors: laws, law enforcement, facilities, society, and culture. Low criminal penalties are a factor triggering workplace accidents, as companies underestimate OSH laws. The continued rise in the number of deaths due to workplace accidents and the lack of sanctions imposed in the OSH law enforcement process are interesting to analyze. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the obstacles to OSH law enforcement and efforts to address them in Indonesia. Meanwhile, in Malaysia, amendments to the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) were implemented in 2022. A detailed analysis of the implications of these amendments is crucial for understanding how these changes will impact occupational safety and health practices, developing more effective safety strategies, and ensuring compliance with the revised law. This represents a major step in standardizing safety regulations and improving the overall compliance framework in Malaysia. With a clear understanding of the background to the recent OSHA amendments, this analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the new challenges and opportunities in improving workplace safety and health, as well as key steps in achieving better safety and health targets for all workers in Malaysia. This analysis can also serve as a reference for Indonesia, as it still applies the long-standing Law No. 1 of 1970 concerning Occupational Safety and Health.