Artificial Intelligence in Renal Healthcare: Current Trends and Future Prospects

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in healthcare, offering advanced capabilities in disease prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized therapy. In renal healthcare, AI applications have gained significant attention due to the growing global burden of kidney diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), acute kidney injury (AKI), and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). [1] The integration of machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP) with clinical, biochemical, imaging, and genomic data has enabled more accurate risk stratification, early disease detection, and optimized treatment strategies. [2] This review critically discusses the current trends in AI applications across various domains of nephrology, including disease prediction, diagnostic imaging, dialysis management, renal transplantation, and drug development. Furthermore, the article highlights regulatory challenges, ethical concerns, data limitations, and future prospects of AI-driven renal healthcare. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of AI for pharmaceutical sciences, particularly in drug discovery, precision dosing, and clinical decision support systems. The review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI’s role in advancing renal healthcare and its potential to reshape future nephrology practice