Epidemiological Trends of Cs Rates: Global Projections and Regional Disparities

Caesarean section (CS) is a critical obstetric intervention that significantly reduces maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality when performed for well-defined medical indications. However, over the past few decades, CS rates have increased disproportionately across the globe, particularly in tertiary care hospitals, raising concerns regarding the excessive medicalization of childbirth and deviation from evidence-based obstetric practice. This rising trend highlights the need for systematic evaluation of institutional delivery patterns. The present study aims to assess the epidemiological trends of caesarean section in a tertiary care hospital and to analyze the indications contributing to its increasing prevalence. By examining temporal trends and categorizing indications using standardized classification systems, this study seeks to identify both clinical and non-clinical factors influencing CS rates. Understanding these determinants is essential to differentiate medically justified procedures from potentially avoidable caesarean deliveries. The findings of this study are expected to provide actionable insights into prevailing obstetric practices, identify major contributors to primary and repeat caesarean sections, and support evidence-based strategies to optimize delivery outcomes. Promoting rational use of caesarean section while ensuring maternal and fetal safety is essential for improving overall maternal and neonatal health indicators.