A Comprehensive Review on Nanosponge: A Novel Class of Versatile Drug Delivery System

Nano sponges are nanosized drug carriers with a three-dimensional structure created by cross linkage polymers. They have the advantage of being able to hold a wide range of range of drugs of various sizes. Nano sponges come in variety of shapes and sizes. They are distinguished by the research method used, the type of polymer used, and the type of drug they may contain. Nano sponges are superior to order delivery system because they can provide a controlled drug release pattern with targeted drug delivery. These features have extended their applications across diverse fields including oncology, antimicrobial therapy, cardiovascular treatment, dermatology, and diagnostic imaging. The period of action, as well as the drug’s residence time, may be regulated. Since it made of biodegradable materials, is has a low toxicity and is safe to use. The efficiency of drug encapsulation is determined by the sizes of the drug molecule and the amount of void space available. Cancer, enzyme and biocatalyst carrier, oxygen delivery, solubility enhancement, enzyme immobilization and poison absorbent are some the application for nano sponges. Their sponge-like porous structure enables the entrapment of drugs within cavities, leading to improved solubility and stability of active molecules. Their controlled release, biocompatibility, and ability to target specific sites make them a promising platform for advanced pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. The method of preparation, characterization, factor affecting nano sponge development, drug loading and release mechanism, recent development in this area, and patient field in the area of nano sponge are all highlighted in this study.