Pharmacoeconomic Comparison Of Cost Variation Of Oral Antihypertensive Drugs Available In the Indian Market

Background: Hypertension is a major public health problem in India, requiring long‑term pharmacotherapy. The availability of multiple brands of the same oral antihypertensive drugs at widely varying prices can significantly affect patient adherence and overall treatment costs. Objective: To analyze and compare the cost variation among different brands of commonly prescribed oral antihypertensive drugs available in the Indian market. Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional pharmacoeconomic cost‑minimization study was conducted using drug price data obtained from the Current Index of Medical Specialties (CIMS), Indian Drug Review (IDR), and online pharmacy portals. Oral antihypertensive drugs were categorized into major classes: calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin‑converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), beta‑blockers, and diuretics. Cost per 10 tablets/capsules was calculated for each brand. Percentage cost variation and cost ratio were computed. Results: A wide variation in prices was observed among brands of the same drug and strength. ARBs and CCBs showed the highest percentage cost variation, whereas diuretics showed comparatively lower variation. The cost ratio between the most expensive and least expensive brands exceeded 5 for several drugs. Conclusion: Significant cost variation exists among oral antihypertensive drugs in India, which may negatively impact medication adherence. Prescribing cost‑effective brands and increasing awareness among clinicians regarding price differences can help reduce the economic burden on patients.