INTERPOL and cryptocurrency crimes: mandate, limitations, and risks of using international search mechanisms

This report analyzes the role of INTERPOL in cases related to cryptocurrency crimes, including fraud, money laundering, sanctions evasion, and transnational financial schemes. It examines the organization’s legal mandate, the practical limitations of its instruments (Notices, Diffusions), and the risks of politicization and misuse of INTERPOL mechanisms in economic and political-economic conflicts. Particular attention is given to the mismatch between the cross-border nature of crypto crimes and INTERPOL’s institutional capabilities, as well as the consequences of this gap for victims, suspects, and member states.