HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS IN THE STRUCTURE OF CAUSES OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS IN YOUNG CHILDREN

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is one of the most common causes of obstruction of the upper gastrointestinal tract in infants during the first months of life and remains a pressing issue in pediatric surgery and pediatrics. The disease is characterized by progressive hypertrophy of the circular muscle layer of the pyloric section of the stomach, leading to impaired evacuation of gastric contents, repeated vomiting, and the development of metabolic disorders. The aim of this study is to summarize current data on the epidemiology, pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. A systematic review of the literature was conducted, including review articles, meta-analyses, and clinical studies. The role of genetic, neurohumoral, and other factors in the development of the disease, as well as the effectiveness of modern surgical and conservative treatment methods, were analyzed. The data obtained confirm that early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention ensure a favorable prognosis and minimal risk of complications.