Nationalization, sanctions, and crypto assets: how digital financial instruments are changing the logic of property seizure and state control

This report analyzes the interrelation between processes of nationalization, sanctions pressure, and the use of cryptocurrency assets in contemporary international law enforcement. It examines how digital assets and crypto infrastructure transform traditional mechanisms of property seizure, sanctions circumvention or reinforcement, and redistribution of assets in favor of states. Particular attention is given to the political and economic context of nationalization, risks to private property, and the role of crypto assets as a temporary tool for preserving value under repressive regulation.