THE TETHERED TOPOLOGY Mass, Spin, and Inertia as Vacuum Constraints
Abstract
Classical physics treats fundamental particles as discrete entities existing in space, while GeneralRelativity treats space as a geometric manifold. Hydrodynamic Quantum Cosmology (HQC) unifiesthese views by asserting that particles are topological defects (knots) formed from the vacuumsubstrate itself. This implies that no particle is free-floating; every fermion is physically “tethered”to the surrounding lattice. In this paper, we demonstrate that this topological tether explainsthe anomalous Spin-1/2 property (requiring 720◦ rotation), the origin of Inertia (hydrodynamicadded mass), and the nature of Fields, not as external auras, but as the continuous tension of thesubstrate radiating from the knot.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 2 February 2026