Bootstrap Expansion: Crystallisation, Curvature, and the Unity of Redshift
Abstract
A complete mechanism for cosmic expansion is derived within the Bootstrap Universe framework. The spacetime lattice crystallises at the cosmic boundary, with gravity curving new cells back into a closed S³ Zoll manifold. Individual lattice cells do not stretch (preserving α = constant); instead, the same baryonic mass is distributed over increasing structure, causing global curvature to relax. A key result is the **unity of redshift**: the Zoll spatial lapse function and temporal scale factor ratio are the same gravitational time dilation from complementary perspectives. Looking far away is looking back in time; the geometry ensures both views give identical z = 1096 for the CMB. The apparent "acceleration" of cosmic expansion is explained without invoking separate dark energy: near matter, the lattice resonates with baryons (3√3 enhancement), creating the "dark matter" effect (5% × 5.2 = 26%); in voids, this resonance is absent, so clocks run faster and more expansion occurs (69% of volume). Dark matter and dark energy are thus ONE phenomenon — lattice-matter resonance — seen from opposite perspectives. This aligns with Wiltshire's Timescape cosmology (University of Canterbury, NZ), which independently identifies differential clock rates between voids and matter regions as the source of apparent acceleration. Bootstrap explains the mechanism; Timescape confirms the effect.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 2 February 2026
- Document type
- Preprint