How Can Judgments Be Shared? — An Operational Definition of Subjectivity and Objectivity Based on Reproducibility —

The distinction between subjectivity and objectivity is widely used in everyday discourse and academic inquiry, yet its boundary remains conceptually ambiguous. This paper argues that the confusion arises not from competing philosophical positions, but from the absence of an explicit operational criterion for applying the distinction. It introduces reproducibility as a methodological condition under which judgments can be shared, examined, and held accountable. Within this framework, information is treated as objective insofar as it is reproducible, and as subjective insofar as it lacks such reproducibility. By redefining subjectivity and objectivity as matters of conceptual operation rather than psychological or ontological properties, the paper provides a neutral and methodologically robust basis for understanding how judgments can be shared across different agents and contexts.