Neurotrophic Keratitis Following Retinal Detachment Surgery with Circumferential Endophotocoagulation: A Case Series and Literature Review

Introduction: Neurotrophic keratitis (NK) is a rare, degenerative corneal disorder characterized by impaired epithelial healing due to reduced corneal sensitivity. While commonly associated with viral infections, diabetes, and trauma, NK can also result from iatrogenic causes, including retinal detachment surgery with circumferential endophotocoagulation. This study aims to present a case series of NK following such procedures and review the current literature on its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Methods: We report three cases of NK occurring after pars plana vitrectomy with 360° endolaser photocoagulation for retinal detachment. Patient demographics, surgical details, clinical presentations, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: All patients developed corneal ulcers with varying sizes and locations. Management included preservative-free artificial tears, epithelial healing agents, and autologous serum eye drops. Complete epithelial healing was achieved in all cases, with improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Conclusion: NK is a serious complication following retinal detachment surgery with circumferential endophotocoagulation. Early diagnosis and appropriate management, including the use of autologous serum eye drops, are crucial for favorable outcomes.