KIDNEY DISEASES AND ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY: EFFECTS ON LABOR AND POSTPARTUM RECOVERY

Kidney diseases and anemia during pregnancy are significant maternal and fetal health challenges. These conditions can adversely affect the labor process and postpartum recovery by disrupting hemodynamic stability, reducing oxygen delivery, and increasing the risk of complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and prolonged labor. This article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and complications associated with kidney dysfunction and anemia in pregnancy. Emphasis is placed on early detection, nutritional support, iron and vitamin supplementation, and optimization of kidney function. Multidisciplinary management involving obstetricians, nephrologists, and hematologists is essential for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. Proper prenatal and postpartum monitoring, along with individualized care plans, contributes to safer labor, faster maternal recovery, and better overall health for both mother and child.