MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND ECO-SAFE METHODS FOR LONG-TERM GRAIN STORAGE: IMPROVING EFFICIENCY AND PROTECTION AGAINST BIOLOGICAL PESTS

Grain storage is a critical component of the agri-food supply chain, directly affecting food security, quality preservation, and economic sustainability. During long-term storage, grains are exposed to various risks, including biological pests, moisture fluctuations, and quality degradation, which lead to significant post-harvest losses. This study focuses on the application of modern storage technologies combined with environmentally safe methods for protecting grains against biological pests. Advanced approaches such as controlled atmosphere storage, temperature and humidity regulation, and hermetic storage systems are analyzed alongside eco-safe pest control methods, including biological agents, plant-based bioactive compounds, and physical control techniques. The results indicate that the integrated use of modern technologies and eco-friendly pest management methods significantly enhances storage efficiency, reduces pest infestation, and maintains grain quality without adverse environmental impacts. The findings highlight the potential of sustainable grain storage systems as an effective alternative to conventional chemical-based methods, contributing to long-term food safety and environmental protection.