AYURVEDIC AND MODERN INSIGHTS INTO SHWITRA (VITILIGO): A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW

Shwitra is a chronic depigmentary disorder described in Ayurvedic classics under the broad spectrum of Kushtha. It is characterized by the loss of normal skin colour due to vitiation of Doshas and Dhatus, particularly Rakta, Mamsa, and Medas. In modern medicine, vitiligo is understood as an acquired autoimmune disorder marked by the destruction of melanocytes, leading to depigmented patches on the skin. Although vitiligo is not life-threatening, it causes significant cosmetic concern and psychological distress. Ayurveda offers a holistic understanding of Shwitra, emphasizing etiological factors such as Viruddha Ahara, improper lifestyle, and Karmaja causes, along with internal purification (Shodhana), palliative therapy (Shamana), dietary regulations, and rejuvenative measures. This conceptual review aims to explore and correlate the Ayurvedic pathogenesis, classification, and management of Shwitra with contemporary biomedical perspectives on vitiligo. An integrative approach combining Ayurvedic principles with modern insights may provide a comprehensive framework for better understanding and management of this condition. Objectives 1. To study the concept of Shwitra as described in classical Ayurvedic texts. 2. To understand the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo from a modern medical perspective. 3. To analyze the similarities and differences between Ayurvedic and modern views on Shwitra (vitiligo). 4. To review Ayurvedic principles of management including Ahara, Vihara, Shodhana, and Shamana therapies. 5. To highlight the scope of an integrative approach in the management of Shwitra.