Gastroprotective Effects of Leucaena Leucocephala Leaves Ethanolic Extract Against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers In Swiss Albino Mice

Background: Leucaena leucocephala, a leguminous plant used in traditional medicine, has shown potential for managing gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of its ethanolic leaf extract in an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in mice. Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups, including control, ulcer control, three extract-treated groups (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg), and a standard group (sucralfate, 100 mg/kg). The extract was administered orally for seven days prior to ethanol induction. Ulcer score, ulcer index, percentage inhibition, histopathology, MDA levels, and nitrite/nitrate content were evaluated. Results: The extract showed dose-dependent protection, with the highest dose (200 mg/kg) significantly reducing ulcer severity (ulcer score: 1.54 ± 0.07; inhibition: 54.93%) compared to the ulcer control. MDA levels decreased and nitrite/nitrate levels improved with treatment, indicating reduced oxidative stress and improved mucosal defense. Histological analysis confirmed mucosal healing, though the extract was slightly less effective than sucralfate. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of L. leucocephala exhibits moderate gastroprotective effects through antioxidant and cytoprotective mechanisms. These findings support its traditional use in ulcer treatment and encourage further studies to isolate active compounds and optimize therapeutic efficacy.