Evaluation Of Antiulcer Activity of Eulophia Nuda Extract in Swiss Albino Mice

Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the antiulcer potential of Eulophia nuda ethanolic extract in Swiss albino mice using an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model and to compare its efficacy with the standard antiulcer drug Sucralfate. Methods: The ethanolic extract of Eulophia nuda was prepared by Soxhlet extraction method following defatting with n-hexane. Acute toxicity testing was already performed as per OECD 423 guidelines. The antiulcer activity was evaluated in six groups of mice: normal control, ulcer control, three test groups receiving 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of the extract, and a standard group receiving Sucralfate (100 mg/kg). Ulceration was induced with ethanol (1 mL/kg, p.o.). Ulcer index, ulcer score, and percentage inhibition were determined. Biochemical markers including malondialdehyde (MDA) and total nitrite/nitrate levels were measured. Histopathological evaluation of gastric tissues was conducted to assess mucosal protection. Results: The Eulophia nuda extract demonstrated a significant, dose- dependent reduction in ulcer score and ulcer index. At 200 mg/kg, the extract showed 49.86% inhibition of ulceration, closely approaching the inhibition of standard drug’s i.e. 56.3%. Biochemical studies revealed decrease in MDA levels and increase in nitrite/nitrate content in treatment groups, indicating attenuation of oxidative stress and restoration of nitric oxide pathways. Histological analyses supported these findings that showed preservation of mucosal architecture and reduced inflammation in test groups. Conclusion: Eulophia nuda ethanolic extract exhibits strong gastroprotective effects through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mucosal defense-enhancing mechanisms, supporting its potential as a natural antiulcer agent.