Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) decreases the renal function. It is also known as chronic renal disease and can be life-threatening. CKD causes various diseases, including hypertension, anemia, rashes, muscle pain, and conjunctivitis. Hypertension and diabetes are the main causes of chronic kidney disease. In this disease, the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) decreases. Patients with chronic kidney disease have various metabolic abnormalities, such as electrolyte imbalance and uremia (urine in the blood). This review discusses the introduction, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and future prospects of this condition.