Design and Implementation of a Web-Based Timetable Generator for Institution

Abstract—Preparing an academic timetable is a repetitive but high‑impact administrative activity. When it is done manually, the work usually takes several iterations and still can produce clashes, such as assigning the same teacher to different classes in the same period, or overloading a teacher across the week. This paper presents the design and implementation of a web‑based Timetable Generator that automatically creates weekly timetables for multiple classes while enforcing realistic institutional constraints, including conflict‑free teacher allocation, laboratory sessions requiring consecutive periods, a limit on consecutive lectures for each teacher, lunch break placement, and a weekly workload cap that can be configured according to administrative policy. The system is implemented using a modern JavaScript full‑stack architecture consisting of React (Vite) for the user interface, Node.js and Express.js for RESTful services, and MongoDB for persistent storage. The platform also includes a leave management workflow and substitution generation so that schedule continuity can be maintained when a teacher is absent. Experimental evaluation on representative data shows that the generator can produce feasible schedules with zero cross‑class teacher conflicts and good slot utilization, while requiring only a small amount of manual intervention in rare edge cases. Index Terms—Academic timetabling, scheduling, constraint satisfaction, web application, Node.js, Express.js, MongoDB, React, JWT, leave management, substitution.