STRATEGIC MITIGATION OF SQL INJECTION VULNERABILITIES IN MODERN WEB ARCHITECTURES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

SQL Injection (SQLi) continues to pose a critical threat to modern web applications, exploiting improper input handling to compromise database integrity and confidentiality. This paper provides a comprehensive review of SQLi attack vectors, evaluates the effectiveness of cryptographic, pattern-based, and machine learning mitigation strategies, and analyzes their applicability in contemporary cloud-native and microservice-based architectures. Findings indicate that a multi-layered defense approach significantly reduces risk and enhances system resilience.