Artificial Intelligence in Architecture: A Critical Analysis of Automation's Limitations in the Core of Architectural Thought

The field of architecture has undergone a radical transformation with the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, which have proven efficient in automation and technical optimization. However, this research aims to provide an in-depth critical analysis, emphasizing that architecture transcends mere graphic representation or functional solutions to be a human and intellectual act. The study discusses the fundamental shortcomings of AI in grasping design vision and perceiving space, drawing upon theories of Genius Loci and the embodied experience of buildings. It concludes that AI remains a generative tool lacking consciousness and intent, making the human architect the sole conscious thinker who produces logical, well-considered designs that respect the uniqueness of each project according to its requirements, standards, and engineering principles. The research adopts an objective stance, acknowledging the tool's power while defining its philosophical and technical limits, especially AI's inability to match the designer's imagination by 100%, in addition to its deficiencies in bearing legal responsibility and understanding the behavioral and social dimensions of space.