Effects of Lemon Grass on Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Wistar Rats

Herbal teas are widely consumed for their perceived health benefits and traditional medicinal value; however, scientific evidence regarding their safety and physiological effects following repeated intake remains limited. This study evaluated the effects of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) tea on selected biochemical, hematological, and physiological parameters in Wistar rats following sub-chronic oral administration. Twelve Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups: a normal control group that received standard feed and water, and two treatment groups administered lemon grass tea at doses of 200 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for 21 days. Body weight was monitored weekly, and blood samples collected at the end of the experiment were analyzed using standard biochemical and hematological procedures. Results showed slight, dose-dependent increases in liver enzymes, with ALT ranging from 11.67–13.33 U/L, AST from 22.00–28.33 U/L, and ALP from 43.67–47.00 U/L, all remaining within normal physiological limits. Total cholesterol decreased from 3.02 mmol/L in the control group to 2.64 and 2.67 mmol/L in the treated groups, while high-density lipoprotein increased markedly from 0.59 mmol/L to 0.94 and 0.92 mmol/L at 200 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg, respectively. Hematological analysis revealed an increase in white blood cell count at 200 mg/kg (7.75 ×10⁹/L) compared to control (5.43 ×10⁹/L), whereas a reduction was observed at 600 mg/kg (3.48 ×10⁹/L). Platelet count decreased dose-dependently, with a marked reduction at the higher dose. Progressive body-weight gain occurred in all groups, with treated rats showing greater increases than controls. In conclusion, lemon grass tea appears relatively safe at moderate doses and exhibits hypolipidemic and immunomodulatory effects, though excessive intake may alter hematological parameters.