Title: The Viscous Vacuum Framework (V2.0): Unifying the Hubble Tension, GW Dispersion, and the Cosmic Microwave Background Origin
Abstract
RETRACTED by author. Reanalysis showed that: (1) the VSL interpretation of the Hubble tension is incompatible with the author's later, more rigorous formulation [DOI of main paper]; (2) the claim that a single viscosity parameter η ≈ 0.10 applies to both electromagnetic and gravitational waves is physically inconsistent — if true, the dispersion in GW150914 would be ~10^18 ms, not 21 ms. The 21 ms feature in LIGO data requires re-interpretation.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 7 February 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Preprint