Uterine Inertia in Buffaloes

Uterine inertia is defined as the insufficient or lack of contraction of the uterine muscles, which is necessary for the expulsion of the fetus and placenta during and after parturition in livestock species. It occurs during any stage of labour; however, it is most commonly observed in the second stage of labour (the stage when the fetus is being delivered) or in the postpartum period when the placenta should be expelled out. In tropical/sub-tropical regions, the incidence of uterine inertia is increased due to the factors such as heat stress, poor nutrition and managemental practices. This uterine inertia leads to significant complications such as retention of placenta, postpartum infections and delayed recovery for the buffalo if not addressed promptly