INTERTEXTUALITY AND SYMBOLISM IN ANGELS AND DEMONS BY DAN BROWN

In this article, we examine how these intertextual symbols are deployed in Angels and Demons. We analyze the roles of the classical elements as philosophical and ritual markers; explore the historical and organizational dimensions of the Illuminati as reimagined in the novel; and discuss how Brown’s textual and visual strategies—fueled in part by the creation of ambigrams by artist John Langdon—contribute to a layered narrative that blurs the boundary between fact and fiction. The elements of air, water, earth, fire are main elements of the novel which can be discussed in intertextual category as allusion.