MODERN APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN NEWBORNS

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological condition resulting from perinatal asphyxia and remains one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental disability. Advances in neonatal intensive care have significantly improved survival; however, optimizing neurological outcomes remains a major clinical challenge. This article analyzes modern approaches to the management of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborns, with particular emphasis on early diagnosis, therapeutic hypothermia, neuroprotective strategies, and supportive intensive care. Current evidence indicates that timely intervention and a multidisciplinary approach can reduce brain injury severity and improve long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Understanding contemporary treatment strategies is essential for improving prognosis and quality of life in affected infants.