Gravity Emerges Slowly: Extending the Carol Equation into the Tensor Domain

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Authors: Eric Needham
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Abstract

This working paper extends the Carol Equation into a full tensorial framework, proposing that gravity, time, light, and fundamental constants emerge from recursive vacuum dynamics governed by the transcendental constants ϕ, π, and e. The paper distinguishes proven mathematical identities from testable predictions and heuristic models, and provides explicit observational protocols for falsification. Uploaded to establish priority and invite independent examination. Licenses Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International

Fields of Study & Subjects

Relativity and Gravitational Theory Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications Cosmology and Gravitation Theories

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
7 February 2026
Document type
Preprint