Indian Knowledge Systems as a Foundation for Value-Based and Skill-Oriented Education under NEP 2020

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant shift in India’s educational philosophy by emphasizing holistic development, value-based learning, and skill-oriented education. Central to this vision is the integration of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), which represent India’s rich intellectual, cultural, scientific, and philosophical traditions. This paper critically examines the role of Indian Knowledge Systems as a foundational framework for value-based and skill-oriented education under NEP 2020. Drawing upon an in-depth review of recent scholarly literature, the study explores how IKS can contribute to ethical grounding, cultural continuity, employability, innovation, and sustainable development. The paper adopts a qualitative, conceptual research design based on secondary sources, policy documents, and contemporary academic studies. The findings suggest that integrating IKS into curricula, teacher education, and pedagogical practices can foster holistic learners who are ethically grounded, culturally aware, and equipped with 21st-century skills. However, challenges such as epistemological resistance, lack of standardized resources, and teacher preparedness must be addressed through systematic policy implementation, capacity building, and interdisciplinary collaboration. The study concludes by offering strategic recommendations for effectively embedding IKS within India’s education system to realize the transformative goals of NEP 2020.