Luteal Cyst in Buffaloes

A luteal cyst is a type of ovarian cyst that arises from the corpus luteum and persists beyond the usual lifespan of the CL. A luteal cyst is a common ovarian disorder in the buffaloes which is characterized by the formation of a fluid-filled sac that resembles the corpus luteum (CL) but persists for longer than normal and fails to regress after ovulation. The corpus luteum is responsible for secreting the progesterone which is essential for maintenance of pregnancy. In the case of a luteal cyst, the cystic structure produces progesterone which in turn disrupt the normal hormonal regulation of the estrous cycle leads to irregular estrus cycles, anovulation, or failure to conceive. Luteal cysts are one of the most significant reproductive problems in the buffaloes leads to infertility and suboptimal reproductive performance particularly in the tropical regions where environmental and managemental stresses are more prevalent. Luteal cysts lead to prolonged estrus, anestrus and infertility in buffaloes which in turn have a significant economic effect on the dairy and meat production in tropical regions where the reproductive issues are further exacerbate challenges such as heat stress, poor nutrition and diseases