FRONTIER: Reproducible Multiscale Pipeline for Redshift Structure in Pantheon+ and Quasar Variability
Abstract
FRONTIER is a fully reproducible research codebase accompanying the manuscript “Frontier: Emergent Geometry and Fractal Dimensionality as a Minimal Framework for Redshift, Horizons, and Mass with Multiscale Tests on Supernovae and Quasar Variability”. The repository implements a versioned, deterministic Python pipeline for extracting multiscale temporal scaling exponents from astrophysical light curves and testing whether redshift-related effects behave as a cumulative, scale-dependent propagation phenomenon. The analysis is performed directly on Pantheon+ Type Ia Supernova raw photometry (SNANA-style light curves) and explicitly avoids cosmology-dependent derived products such as distance moduli or SALT2 residuals. Key empirical results include a statistically significant scale dependence in redshift-related temporal structure in Pantheon+ data: the effective redshift response cannot be captured by a single constant parameter, but instead exhibits a monotonic multiscale flow consistent with cumulative propagation across scales. The significance of the detected trend is validated using stratified shuffle null models and bootstrap resampling, yielding p-values at the percent level depending on the redshift definition and scale partition. To stress-test universality, the same pipeline is applied to an independent quasar variability dataset. While naive regressions show an apparent redshift-dependent closure violation, this disappears once intrinsic object-to-object panel heterogeneity is properly controlled for using within-transformed fixed-effects specifications, recovering closure across the full redshift range. The codebase includes a master runner script (run_full_pipeline.py) that automatically discovers and executes all versioned analysis steps (vXXXX_*.py) in order, producing all tables, JSON summaries, and publication-ready figures in fully reproducible output directories. Input data are not redistributed here due to size and licensing constraints, but are publicly available on Zenodo. Pantheon+ Type Ia Supernova Raw Photometry is available at DOI 10.5281/zenodo.16585715. The quasar variability dataset is available at DOI 10.5281/zenodo.5842449. After downloading and placing the Pantheon+ raw photometry files under data/data-in/Pantheon_Plus_Raw_Photometry/, the full analysis can be reproduced from the repository root by running python run_full_pipeline.py. All results are generated under data/outputs/ and figures/. Related empirical applicationFor an observational application of the multiscale dynamical framework to galaxy rotation curves (SPARC), including the detection of universal structure and compact central dynamical components, see:Two-Scale Dynamics in Galaxy Rotation Curves: Universal Structure and a Central Dynamical Superstructure in SPARChttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18069814
Fields of Study & Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Galaxies: Formation
Evolution
Phenomena
Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Publication date
- 8 February 2026
- Language
- EN