CORPUS ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION UNIVERSALS IN PARALLEL TEXTS OF VARIOUS GENRES (FRENCH–RUSSIAN)

Translation universals are linguistic features that occur frequently in translated texts regardless of the language pair or genre. This study investigates translation universals in French–Russian parallel texts across literary, journalistic, and technical genres. Using a corpus-based approach, it identifies tendencies such as simplification, explicitation, normalization, and interference. Examples from French translations of Russian originals demonstrate how translators manage lexical, syntactic, and stylistic differences. The analysis highlights how translation universals reflect both the translator’s strategies and the inherent structural differences between Russian and French.