A Deterministic Substructure Complementing Cramér's Probabilistic Model

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Authors: ALFREDO LUIS ACOSTA PADILLA
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Abstract

We introduce the Acosta Prime Helix H(p)H(p), a deterministic sequence generated by hn+1=pπ(hn)+hn+1hn+1=pπ(hn)+hn+1 where pkpk is the kk-th prime. For seed p=23p=23, eleven verified levels (23→3.20×101223→3.20×1012) exhibit systematic deviations from Cramér's probabilistic model: (1) twin prime density elevated 28.5×28.5× over prediction (ρn≈0.35ρn≈0.35 vs 1.32/(log⁡hn)21.32/(loghn)2); (2) small gaps (g∈{2,4,6}g∈{2,4,6}) 39%39% more frequent than random expectation; (3) persistent modular bias in residues {2,7,17,22}(mod23){2,7,17,22}(mod23) (p

Fields of Study & Subjects

Analytic Number Theory Research Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications Limits and Structures in Graph Theory

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
9 February 2026